NEET (UG) 2024 — Question 163

The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is maintained when the gene pool is constant, i.e., no evolutionary forces act on the population. Factors that disturb the equilibrium are genetic recombination, genetic drift, gene migration, mutation, and natural selection. Genetic recombination (A) introduces new gene combinations, genetic drift (B) causes random changes in allele frequencies, and gene migration (C) changes allele frequencies by gene flow. A constant gene pool (D) means no change in allele frequencies, so it does not affect the equilibrium. Therefore, the factor that will not affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is $\boxed{D}$.