Chemistry · Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry

NEET (UG) 2025 — Question 78

The standard heat of formation, in kcal/mol\mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{mol} of Ba2+\mathrm{Ba}^{2+} is

[Given : standard heat of formation of SO42−\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{2-} ion (aq) =−216kcal/mol=-216 \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{mol}, Standard heat of crystallisation of

BaSO4( s)=−4.5kcal/mol\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}(\mathrm{~s})=-4.5 \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{mol}, standard heat of formation of BaSO4( s)=−349kcal/mol]\left.\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}(\mathrm{~s})=-349 \mathrm{kcal} / \mathrm{mol}\right]

  1. Option A:

    −128.5-128.5

    Correct
  2. Option B:

    −133.0-133.0

  3. Option C:

    +133.0+133.0

  4. Option D:

    +220.5+220.5

Answer: A

Step-by-step solution

Ba(aq.)+2+SO4(aq.)−2→BaSO4;ΔHr=ΔHCrys.(BaSO4)=−4.5 kCal mol−1\mathrm{Ba}^{+2}_{\text{(aq.)}} + \mathrm{SO}_{4\text{(aq.)}}^{-2} \rightarrow \mathrm{BaSO}_4; \Delta\mathrm{H}_\text{r} = \Delta\mathrm{H}_{\text{Crys.}(\mathrm{BaSO}_4)} = -4.5\text{ kCal mol}^{-1}

ΔHf(Ba+2)ΔHf(SO4−2)ΔHf(BaSO4)\Delta\mathrm{H}_\text{f}(\mathrm{Ba}^{+2}) \quad \Delta\mathrm{H}_\text{f}(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{-2}) \quad \Delta\mathrm{H}_\text{f}(\mathrm{BaSO}_4)

=?=−216=−349= ? \qquad\quad = -216 \qquad\quad = -349

ΔHcrys. (BaSO4)=ΔHf(BaSO4)−[ΔHf(Ba+2)+ΔHf(SO4−2)]\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\text {crys. }}\left(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\right)=\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\left(\mathrm{BaSO}_{4}\right)-\left[\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\left(\mathrm{Ba}^{+2}\right)+\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\left(\mathrm{SO}_{4}^{-2}\right)\right]

−4.5=[−349]−[ΔHf(Ba+2)+(−216)]-4.5=[-349]-\left[\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\left(\mathrm{Ba}^{+2}\right)+(-216)\right]

ΔHf(Ba+2)=−128.5kCalmol−1\Delta \mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{f}}\left(\mathrm{Ba}^{+2}\right)=-128.5 \mathrm{kCal} \mathrm{mol}^{-1}

Answer key and solution verified before publishing.

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Exam
NEET (UG) 2025
Subject
Chemistry
Chapter
Thermodynamics & Thermochemistry
Topic
Thermochemistry and Enthalpy Changes